Compression of the median nerve leads to pain and loss of sensation in the hand, in advanced stages also to loss of grip-strength. Treatment is initially conservative with nocturnal splint immobilization. If the condition fails to improve, a small surgical procedure is indicated.
While some fractures of the hand or forearm can be successfully treated by immobilization, others, such as scaphoid fractures, or displaced fractures of the distal radius, may need internal fixation to preserve function, and to prevent deformities. Some injuries to ligaments may also require surgical reconstruction, most notably an unstable ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb´s base joint.
Tendosynovitis is usually responding well to conservative treatment with rest and anti-inflammatory drugs. In selected cases such as in the abductor tendon of the thumb, steroid injections, or surgery may occasionally be necessary. Spontaneous tendon ruptures in patients with poorly controlled rheumatoid arthritis mandate swift reconstruction.